I will tell about sunspots, and solar flares
For many, Sun appears to be a fluid body having no anomaly of surface temperature. Many people just think that sun is a star which has very high temperature interior and at the surface but few know about the sun spots and its relation to the magnetic field of sun
Sunspots are patches on the surface of the sun which appear because they are comparatively cooler than their surroundings. Sunspots have tremendous magnetic field as a result of which convection or motion of particles in fluids is halted which prevents the radiation or specifically convection of heat at some places on the sun.Sunspot has temperature upto 3000-4000K and the surroundings have temperature more that 5000K. Black body principle is applied here which proves why sunspots appear black and are visible. Sunspots also have a relation to the solar radiations and also in predicting the space weather.If more sunspots are being seen on surface of sun, it means less solar radiation is happening as sunspots are cooler in comparison. If less sunspots are there then it means that more activity is possible. Sunspots have intense rotating vortex of magnetic field below them and is called as Magnetic Flux tube. This tube behaves like a rubber-band and when pressure increases on them,they puncture the surface of sun and since convection is inhibited, these areas remain cooler
Relation with Radiations
Sunspots have relations with solar flares and solar radiations.
Since its one of the most magnetic place on sun, the solar flares or Coronal Mass Ejections happen from sunspot surroundings.
Less sunspots means less inhibition from rupturing out.
Solar flares
solar flares are tremendous flares of solar radiations which contain charged particles which disrupt the magnetosphere of the planets towards which they move
An intense solar flare was noticed in 1859 and in 1988 which disrupted communications, paths of satellite also. Solar activity has reduced since recent times in the 11year cycle reaching a solar minimum,
Solar activity is now expected to begin in 1-2 years and on Solar Cycle 124, its expected to reach the peak in 2013.
BY using the datas from IPS Space and Radio services, I have concluded that on S.cycle 124, activity will be increasing from 2012
MY ANALYSIS------
IN THE 21ST CENTURY, TWO SOLAR STORMS WERE NOTABLE.
JULY 15 2001 AND THE ONE HAPPENED ON 13TH OCT 2003.....
COMPARING WITH THE DATAS FROM IPS PERTAINING TO SOLAR RADIO FLUX
THE SOLAR RADIO FLUX WAS VERY HIGH IN THE YEAR OF 2000-01 AND IN 2001 ON 15TH JULY A GEO-MAGNETIC STORM HAPPENED KNOWN AS THE BASTILLE STORM.
SINCE THEN, A DECREASING FLUX HAS HAPPENED WHICH MEANS LESS SOLAR ACTIVITY HAPPENING. SOLAR RADIO FLUX WILL INCREASE BY 2012 REACHING THE PEAK ON 2013 END. THIS MEANS SOLAR RADIATIONS WILL INCREASE BY THIS PERIOD. THE SUNSPOT NUMBER IN 2000-01 WAS OVERALL LOW IN 2001 AND IN MAY WAS ABOUT 107.5 AND 104.0 DURING FEB 2001. THE NOTED EVENT HAPPENED IN JULY THAT IS APX. 4 MONTHS IN VICINITY.ALSO JULY 2001 WAS 4 MONTHS BEFORE NOV 2001 WHICH WITNESSED THE MAX SOLAR RADIO FLUX OF 164.8
IN 2003, THE FLUX WAS ABOVE 100 THOUGH WAS FOR 2-3 MONTHS IN 2004. IN 2003, MAXIMUM FLUX WAS IN MAY OF 117.4 AND SOLAR STORM HAPPENED IN OCT APX 5 MONTH IN RANGE.
FOR 2013,MAX SOLAR RADIO FLUX WILL BE ON SEPT-OCT APX 139.0. COUNTING A 4 MONTH FROM SEPT MEANS MAY 2013. SUNSPOT NO. IS MAXIMUM IN SEPT-OCT APX 90.2. COUNTING 4 MONTH FROM SEPT-OCT MEANS MAY 2013
THESE PARAMETERS ARE INDICATING THAT MAY 2013 IS LIKELY GOING TO WITNESS A SOLAR STORM OR SOLAR FLARE TRAVELLING TOWARDS EARTH
IN 2013, OVERALL INCREASED RADIO FLUX MEANS MORE MAGNETIC AND RADIO ACTIVITY HAPPENING AND LESS SUNSPOTS MEANS MORE MAGNETIC FLARES POSSIBLE
AKSHAY DEORAS
(C) 2010,AKSHAY'S GYAAN
